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  • Read the message and choose the best answer Smart Energy     The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major oil producing nations, 'peak oil' has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. Firstly, there will be an increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes and vehicles. Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how much is generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from renewable sources. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology. This system aims to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of power generation and demand, and to use this information to create a more efficient power network.     Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand and improve engineer's ability to manage the system. With better information about electricity demand, the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to potential reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the computer system will assist in reducing operational and maintenance costs.     Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. For example, they may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own power, appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any excess can be sold to the grid.     With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and demand. Sources of renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.     A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.     Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date. Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilising a range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behaviour. According to paragraph 1, what has happened in some oil producing countries?

Read the message and choose the best answer Smart Energy     The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major oil producing nations, 'peak oil' has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. Firstly, there will be an increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes and vehicles. Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how much is generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from renewable sources. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology. This system aims to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of power generation and demand, and to use this information to create a more efficient power network.     Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand and improve engineer's ability to manage the system. With better information about electricity demand, the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to potential reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the computer system will assist in reducing operational and maintenance costs.     Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. For example, they may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own power, appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any excess can be sold to the grid.     With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and demand. Sources of renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.     A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.     Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date. Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilising a range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behaviour. According to paragraph 1, what has happened in some oil producing countries?

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Câu hỏi:

Read the message and choose the best answer
Smart Energy
    The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major oil producing nations, ‘peak oil’ has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. Firstly, there will be an increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes and vehicles. Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how much is generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from renewable sources. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology. This system aims to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of power generation and demand, and to use this information to create a more efficient power network.
    Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand and improve engineer’s ability to manage the system. With better information about electricity demand, the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to potential reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the computer system will assist in reducing operational and maintenance costs.
    Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. For example, they may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own power, appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any excess can be sold to the grid.
    With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and demand.
Sources of renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.
    A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.
    Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in ‘layers’, starting with ‘quick win’ methods which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date. Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilising a range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behaviour.
According to paragraph 1, what has happened in some oil producing countries?

A. The supply of oil is unpredictable.

B. They are unwilling to sell their oil any more.

C. They are not producing as much oil as they used to.

Đáp án chính xác

D. Global warming is more sever here than in other countries

Trả lời:

Chọn C

Phương pháp giải:
Đọc hiểu chi tiết
Giải chi tiết:
Theo đoạn 1, điều gì đã xảy ra ở một số nước sản xuất dầu mỏ?
A. Họ không muốn bán dầu của họ nữa.
B. Họ không sản xuất nhiều dầu như trước đây.
C. Nguồn cung cấp dầu là không thể đoán trước.
D. Hiện tượng ấm lên toàn cầu ở đây rõ rệt hơn so với các nước khác
Thông tin: In some major oil producing nations, ‘peak oil’ has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global warming.
Tạm dịch: Ở một số quốc gia sản xuất dầu lớn, ‘đỉnh dầu’ đã đạt đến và ngày càng có nhiều lo ngại về hiện tượng ấm lên toàn cầu.

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  1. Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others

    Câu hỏi:

    Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others

    A. prescription           

    B. preliminary            

    C. presumption           

    D. preparation

    Đáp án chính xác

    Trả lời:

    Chọn D

    Phương pháp giải:
    Phát âm “e”
    Giải chi tiết:
    A. prescription  /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/
    B. preliminary   /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/
    C. presumption  /prɪˈzʌmpʃn/
    D. preparation  /ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/
    Phương án D có phần gạch chân đọc là /e/, còn lại đọc là /ɪ/

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  2. Choose the word whose primary stress is different from the others

    Câu hỏi:

    Choose the word whose primary stress is different from the others

    A. envelop                 

    B. astronaut                

    C. tuberculosis           

    Đáp án chính xác

    D. poverty

    Trả lời:

    Chọn C

    Phương pháp giải:
    Trọng âm từ đa âm tiết
    Giải chi tiết:
    A. envelop  /ˈenvələʊp/
    B. astronaut  /ˈæstrənɔːt/
    C. tuberculosis  /tjuːˌbɜːkjuˈləʊsɪs/
    D. poverty  /ˈpɒvəti/
    Phương án C có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 4, còn lại rơi vào 1

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  3. Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others

    Câu hỏi:

    Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others

    A. orchestra                

    B. chasm                    

    C. chemical                

    D. orchard

    Đáp án chính xác

    Trả lời:

    Chọn D

    Phương pháp giải:
    Phát âm “ch”
    Giải chi tiết:
    A. orchestra  /ˈɔːkɪstrə/
    B. chasm  /ˈkæzəm/
    C. chemical  /ˈkemɪkl/
    D. orchard  /ˈɔːtʃəd/
    Phương án D có phần gạch chân đọc là /tʃ/, còn lại đọc là /k/

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  4. Woodrow Wilson_______ as a governor before was elected President of the United States in 1912.

    Câu hỏi:

    Woodrow Wilson_______ as a governor before was elected President of the United States in 1912.

    A. serving                  

    B. had has served      

    C. who had served      

    Đáp án chính xác

    D. to serve

    Trả lời:

    Chọn C

    Phương pháp giải:
    Mệnh đề quan hệ
    Giải chi tiết:
    Câu đã đủ thành phần S ( Woodrow Wilson ) và  V (was)
    => chỗ trống cần điền là một mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung thêm cho danh từ “Woodrow Wilson”
    Đáp án A sai, sửa thành having served mới đúng ( Dùng having PII để nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra trước)
    Tạm dịch: Woodrow Wilson đã phục vụ với tư cách là thống đốc trước đó đã  được bầu làm Tổng thống Hoa Kỳ vào năm 1912.

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  5. Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune

    Câu hỏi:

    Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune

    A. must                      

    Đáp án chính xác

    B. might                     

    C. will                        

    D. should

    Trả lời:

    Chọn A

    Phương pháp giải:
    Động từ khuyết thiếu
    Giải chi tiết:
    Might have done sth: (có lẽ là đã…. ) đưa ra dự đoán không có căn cứ
    Must have done sth: (chắc hẳn là…) đưa ra kết luận dựa trên ý kiến chủ quan/khách quan của người nói
    Ở đây người nói đã biết và nhận dạng chiếc nhẫn to => dựa trên ý kiến chủ quan người nói đưa ra kết luận
    Tạm dịch: Chiếc nhẫn đính hôn của Jenny rất lớn! Nó phải đắt lắm đây!

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